Aussie AI

Deep Research Models

  • Last Updated 17 November, 2025
  • by David Spuler, Ph.D.

What are Deep Research Models?

Deep research models are advanced LLMs that can complete complex research projects. Typically, they will search for information on a topic, and then perform a reasoning function on the information. Advanced models may use multiple steps of information search and reasoning to refine their answer.

There are several commercial models available that can perform deep research tasks, including:

  • Google Gemini
  • OpenAI Deep Research

There are several main architectural components that are key to a deep research model:

  • Web search plugin ("web agent") or other information source
  • Large Reasoning Model
  • Multi-step reasoning algorithm (e.g. Chain-of-Thought)

There is also an overarching algorithm that controls the whole plan. This may be LLM-based planning or could be other non-LLM heuristics (or some combination of both).

Deep research models are not cheap to run, because they have to process lots of information, and perform multiple reasoning steps. There is also the cost of information access, such as an internet search, although this would typically be less than LLM inference costs. There are various ways to improve LLM reasoning costs by reducing the number of tokens produced and processed by each reasoning step.

Research on Deep Research Models

Research papers include:

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